Blog – Page 3 – The Christina Gallery

Gazette du Bon Ton: French Fashion Plates

Lucien Vogel stirred the French fashion world in 1912 with the publication of Le Gazette du Bon Ton, a fashion journal highlighting the artistic qualities of clothing design. Perhaps if this magazine were produced today it would be equated with the likes of Vogue or ID and possibly even referred to as a commercial catalogue, but these comparisons do not do Le Gazette Bon Ton justice. From 1912-1925 Vogel issued limited edition journals of beautifully rendered fashion plates showcasing designs by avant garde fashion houses including Lanvin and Paquin.

The images printed in Le Gazette du Bon Ton were all pochoir (French for stencil) prints. This work-intensive technique creates beautiful illustrations that preserve the vibrant colors and intricate details of the original designs. Individual stencils would be cut for each color required. The stencils are then hand painted with gouache and watercolor and printed on hand-made paper.

“L’Utile Recommandation” is an exceptional example of the intricate fashion plate prints from Gazette du Bon Ton. Accompanied by the witty text, “Dinner’s ready / Dinner gown by Cheruit.” we see an image of an elegant young woman wearing a vibrantly dyed red dinner dress with a sheer overlay bodice. She looks back over her shoulder at a butler in the background, standing over a set dinner table. This woman is clearly living an enviable life full of leisure and grace. Her head is turned away from the viewer while her body faces forward allowing us to gaze at her dress without being caught staring. It is easy to infer, as the artist intended, that by purchasing this dress one also achieves part of the same quality of life. This combination of intricate imagery and tempting advertisement made Gazette du Bon Ton a very successful endeavor. It helped reinforce the public’s fascination with an idyllic life of leisure and highlighted the artistic abilities of both the fashion houses and the artists themselves who were producing these exquisite poichor prints.

Enjoy more images from Vogel’s Gazette du Bon Ton here on our website or visit us in person at The Christina Gallery in Edgartown, MA on the island of Martha’s Vineyard.

Russell Gordon: A Contemporary Realist

Russell Gordon’s realist still-life paintings are, at first glance, reminiscent of 19^thcentury still lifes. Take a moment to really absorb the scene before you; however, and Gordon’s charming sense of humor and lighthearted attitude burst forth off the canvas. Gordon designs traditional compositions of objects such as fruit, mussels, and books then infuses them with his own unique brand of wit. Examine his paintings closely and you are sure to notice nuances such as a ladybug perched atop an otherwise unblemished flower or a water droplet sliding down a dewy mussel shell.

Gordon’s use of chiaroscuro heightens the drama of his compositions. He uses a very traditional, richly colored palette that lends itself to the theatricality of the seemingly simple arrangements that he portrays. Vividly colored lemons, or other objects, pop against a background of brown and burgundy. A single light source is frequently used to illuminate the foreground and provide gleaming highlights.

"Shell Collection" by Russell Gordon — “Shell Collection” by Russell Gordon

“Shell Collection” is a 22” x 27” oil painting of a curiosity cabinet filled with seashells. True to his nature, Gordon has included humorous references and objects such as the crab in the center of one of the bottom ‘cubes.’ The crab’s claws hang forward, moving into the viewers’ realm of reality. His eyes glisten as they stare directly ahead, watching us look at him. Gordon signs the work with a playful business card pinned to the center of the display case. The card reads, “Shell Shop / Seashells of Unique Beauty / 19 Ocean Drive / ask for Russell W. Gordon.” The detail that Gordon captures, just like in all of his paintings, is incredible. The viewer can practically count the threads that compose the green string tying the key to a nail.

Come visit us at The Christina Gallery in Edgartown, MA to spot more of the tongue-in-cheek details in Gordon’s original oil paintings, or view them here on our website.

“Les Roses” by Pierre-Joseph Redoute

Pierre-Joseph Redouté is perhaps the most famous painter of flowers in the world. He served as the official flower painter to both Queen Marie Antoinette and Empress Josephine Bonaparte of France, Napoleon’s first wife. He is best known for his work “Les Roses,” a series of stipple engravings of roses based on his watercolor paintings.

Redouté was born in 1759 in the Belgian Ardennes. Both his father and grandfather were artists and encouraged Redouté to begin painting at the age of thirteen. He began his career in religious art, modeling himself after the likes of Michelangelo and Raphael. While working at a cathedral in the Netherlands he was first introduced to the flower paintings of Van Huysum and other Dutch artists. In 1782, after this initial exposure, Redouté ventured to Paris to further his interest in botany painting by studying specimens at Jardin du Roi. While there he met Gerard van Spaendonck, an artist, and Charles Louis L’Heritier de Brutelle, an amateur botanist. Both individuals became dominant forces propelling Redouté’s career. In fact it was L’Heritier who first introduced Redouté to Marie Antoinette; a connection that soon led to his appointment as court painter.

In 1804, after six years of patronage, Empress Josephine Bonaparte took on Redouté as her official artist. Empress Josephine was known for her love of roses and is often referenced as having grown the first garden exclusively composed of roses at her home near Choisy, Chateau de Malmaison. It was her mission to collect and plant every known rose variety. To achieve this goal she worked closely with nurserymen including M. Andre du Pont, the director of the Luxembourg Gardens. Of the Empress’ extensive collection, Redouté published over 160 stipple engravings of roses from the Empresses Chateau de Malmaison. He was an avid botanist, an interest that was nurtured by his relationship with van Spaendonck, as well as an artist. It was this combination that impressed Empress Josephine and allowed Redouté to produce such exquisite, elegant and accurate renderings of each flower he painted.

"Rose Centifolia Anglica Rubra" by Pierre-Joseph Redouté — “Rose Centifolia Anglica Rubra” by Pierre-Joseph Redouté

“Les Roses” was commissioned by Empress Josephine as a record of her extensive rose garden. Each Redouté’s career flourished and he enjoyed the success of his career merging naturalist research with timeless art. In 1828 at the height of his fame, Redouté met Jean-Jacques Audubon (or John James Audubon as he is also known). The two became close friends and supporters of each other’s work. Today they are both recognized as pioneers of iconographical botany and ornithology painting.

A number of rare original engravings from Redouté’s “Les Roses” series are on display at The Christina Gallery in Edgartown, MA. You can also view them here on our website.

Carol Fortunato: Vanitas Still Lifes

Carol Fortunato’s oil paintings are reminiscent of works by 17^th century Dutch masters. Like the Baroque artists, Fortunato employs chiaroscuro (an application of intense light and dark) to add drama to her still lifes of flowers, fruits and vegetables. Her muted tones and dark palette contrast with the bright light sources that she arranges, and lends an air of mystery to her paintings. Dutch artists of the baroque period often experimented with vanitas painting. These still lives were quiet reflections on mortality. Food and flowers were used as metaphors for the fragility of life. Fortunato’s work reflects this interest in evolution, “Perhaps I focus on most things edible because at the peak of their ripeness, their fullness and vibrancy is made all the more precious by their transience—whether it’s because they are about to wither or to be eaten.”

Young White Peonies” by Carol Fortunato

A lush bouquet of white flowers blossoms out of a clear glass vase in “Young White Peonies.” Fortunato depicts the flowers at different stages in their lifecycle. The white peony in the left is in full bloom. Its petals open up, embracing sunlight and perhaps emitting a light fragrance into the air. To its right, we see another blossom lying at the base of the vase; petals strewn about in a mark of decay. These memento mori serve as reminders of the beauty of life. Fortunato’s renditions of vanitas painting are beautiful, elegant and even joyous celebrations of the value of life.

Carol Fortunato graduated with a BFA from the School of Visual Arts in New York. It was during her post-graduate training with the Art Students League under David Leffel and Greg Kreutz that she developed her interest in chiaroscuro painting, which is so dominant in her work today.

To view more original oil paintings by Carol Fortunato please visit us at The Christina Gallery on the island of Martha’s Vineyard, or here on our website.

David Bareford’s Seascapes

David Bareford’s seascapes effortlessly capture the spirit of summer. His plein air oil paintings are beautiful renditions of sunny beaches and elegant sailboats. He paints each scene with a loose brushstroke and a palette dominated by sea-foam greens and cerulean blues. It is rare to find a gallery visitor looking at Bareford’s paintings without a smile crossing his or her face. His blue skies are simple and succinctly portrayed, yet they effuse connotations of heat, sun and sand and the happy memories that accompany those images. Bareford plays on the viewers’ nostalgia as he portrays faceless families gathered on beaches and majestic sailboats gliding across the water. These are all scenes that strike a personal cord for many viewers. The graceful sailboats muster up thoughts of afternoons out on the water; the children splashing about in the ocean remind us of mornings on South Beach.

H Class Racing off Edgartown by David Bareford — “H Class Racing off Edgartown” by David Bareford

David Bareford was born in New Jersey and has been painting in New England throughout his life. He began his artistic career working in watercolors, but moved into oil paint to expand his vision. Bareford is part of a long-standing tradition of marine artists working out of Rockport, MA. He is an active member of a number of artistic societies including the Rockport Art Association and the Copley Society. You can see a selection of Bareford’s oil paintings online here or in person at The Christina Gallery in Edgartown, MA.

La Belle Epoque: A Look at Paul Cesar Helleu’s “Elegante de Chien Faisant le Beau”

“La Belle Epoque” was an era of great beauty, excess, innovation and renewal in France from the 1890’s until World War I. Paul César Helleu encapsulates the elegance of the time period in his work. Using oil paint, pastel and drypoint etching with a diamond stylus, Helleu is known for his animated renderings of Parisian society women. His portraits are a far cry from the structured, rigid canon that was frequently followed throughout the Victorian era. Rather than relying on the three quarter length, forward facing, hands-crossed-in-lap pose that was traditionally employed, Helleu encouraged his subjects to relax and be themselves.

The etching “Elegante de Chien Faisant le Beau” depicts a finely dressed woman crouching slightly to play with her spirited puppy. Her back is turned to the viewer, obscuring much of her face, yet she still feels familiar. Helleu introduces us to this woman through her other details. She wears an elegant tiered dress and a formal hat that clearly speak to her status as an aristocrat. The ornate molding and lavish furniture in the background of the etching also support this conclusion. The figure becomes much more personal when we consider the whimsical way she has been shown. Helleu chooses to show the woman bending forward towards an eager puppy while delicately lifting the skirt of her dress. There are very few details in this etching yet Helleu’s sparing use of line brings life to the scene.

"Elegante de Chien Faisant le Beau" by Paul César Helleu — “Elegante de Chien Faisant le Beau” by Paul César Helleu

This richly burred print is an exquisite example of Helleu’s etchings. He understood how each mark on the copper plate would translate to the paper. This knowledge helped Helleu bring his images to life. Look, for example, at the short staccato lines that compose the woman’s skirt. The lines transform into a tactile image of bustling fabric. One can almost hear her skirt rustling as she moves towards the dog.

Helleu was part of a group of artists including Tissot, Manet and Whistler who depicted Edwardian era Paris. In fact, it was Tissot himself who first introduced Helleu to the technique of using a diamond stylus to create drypoint etchings such as “Elegante de Chien Faisant le Beau.” Helleu’s most famous commission was the star-filled ceiling of Grand Central Terminal in New York City. After being covered for over six decades, the mural of the night sky was restored in 1998 and is on display for the millions of travelers passing through the train station today.

“Elegante de Chien Faisant le Beau” is currently on display at The Christina Gallery. Come visit us in Edgartown to see the etching for yourself or check out our website here to learn more about Paul César Helleu.

American Folk Art by Ted Jeremenko

It wasn’t until his mid-twenties that Ted Jeremenko discovered his love of painting. While working in the computer and banking industries, Jeremenko began his artistic career as a hobby. After the success of his first show at Jay Johnson America’s Folk Heritage on Madison Avenue, NY Jeremenko followed his passion and became a full-fledged professional artist. “I paint primarily for myself,” he explains, “but it is very gratifying to know that my artwork touches other people.”

Jeremenko’s work is very unique for its simple, geometric forms and raw view of the world. His oeuvre is very much a part of the folk art tradition. He paints landscapes scattered with houses and other architectural buildings including lighthouses and churches. Jeremenko approaches each painting with a goal of simplifying the view. Each plane is painted with a solid color, breaking down entire scenes into a handful of colors. This stylistic representation of architecture works in harmony with Jeremenko’s pointillist-inspired landscapes to create striking compositions.

“Along the Pond” clearly demonstrates the dualistic technique of pointillism and abstraction that Jeremenko employs. He uses color to define light, form, and a sense of space. The focal point of the painting is the red house slightly to the left of center, but the viewers’ eye moves easily around the canvas to the stark white church and on to the dark green mountains in the background. The multi-hued leaves on the trees seem to move in the breeze and it is easy to imagine each individual blade of grass that grows in this thriving landscape. Jeremenko helps the viewer see beauty in every scene. His stylized methods create a serene world filled with greenery, blue skies and composed buildings.

Jeremenko was born in Yugoslavia in 1938. He moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at the age of twelve. His carefully arranged compositions and beautiful renditions of space allow us, as his viewers, to see the world through Jeremenko’s eyes.

View more acrylic paintings by Ted Jeremenko here or visit us in person to see his works for yourself.

Lush Landscapes by Curtis Hanson

When I look at a Curtis Hanson painting I’m immediately transported to a warm summer day in the lush landscape of New England or, equally as frequently, to the rice fields of Thailand. Hanson devotes himself to meditation and through this practice he has learned to observe the world around him with an astute eye and an open mind.

“As one whom has given my whole life to the practice of painting, at its heart has been that painting is an object of awareness of what it means to be alive. Through direct observation of nature both in the external and the internal world it has and continues to be a way of knowing and understanding what this life is.”
~Curt Hanson (from his blog August 18, 2010)

Hanson studied with Charles Palmer and Stan Taft at Fort Wright College in Washington State. After graduation he moved to New York City where he was influenced by the work of the Barbizon School paintings and George Inness. The Barbizon School was a movement beginning in France in the mid-19^thcentury following John Constable’s lead portraying nature as the focal point of paintings rather than the backdrop for portraits or historical scenes. Hanson has wholly adopted this attitude towards art. Outdoor landscapes and scenes of the natural world dominate his canvases.

"Salt Marsh" by Curtis Hanson — “Salt Marsh” by Curtis Hanson

“Salt Marsh” is indicative of Hanson’s reflective painting style. His work is easily recognizable for its natural palette of green, yellow and blue based hues. He often selects calm and meditative landscapes such as this New England scene. The sky glows with glazes of pink and yellow underlay beneath the blue haze of a foggy day. The clear water mirrors crisp reflections of the trees dressing the horizon line. Hanson understands exactly how to capture the viewer’s imagination and help bring them to a place of quiet contemplation. Each canvas that he paints bathes its audience in his message of meditation.

More original oil paintings by Curtis Hanson are on view at The Christina Gallery. Come visit us in Edgartown, MA to see the full collection in person or visit us online here.

Antique Maps: A View into the Political and Social Landscape of the Past

Here at The Christina Gallery we carry a vast collection of antique maps dating back to the late 16th century and nautical charts from the 19th century. Map making has always been an important part of the history of modern society. A map conveys much more than geographic information. From antique maps we are able to rediscover the world of our ancestors and understand the interactions between different cultures, countries and empires based on the images they produced and their depictions of foreign lands.

The earliest known maps date back to the Babylonians in 3500 BCE, but it wasn’t until the invention of the printing press in the middle of the 15th century that maps were mass produced and became popular with the general public. Scientific methods of measurement were introduced to cartography in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Many of the maps on display at The Christina Gallery were printed from a metal plate then colored by hand.

Novi Belgii (1671) provides an interesting window into the political environment of the 17th century. This striking map portrays the English-dominated regions of New England and includes every settlement and river along the coastline. The cartographer, Arnoldus Montanus (1625 – 1683), was a prominent Dutch minister, teacher, author, and publisher in the seventeenth century. His rendition of the New England topography has been accepted as the standard by which the Dutch understanding of the New World can be assessed, despite the fact that Montanus himself never actually visited New England. It was considered common practice for cartographers to use each other’s work as source material when creating new maps. His portrayal of New England was based on the influential mid-17th century Jansson-Visscher series of the same subject (Jansson and Visscher were also Dutch cartographers).

Novi Belgii by Arnoldus Montanus — “Novi Belgii” by Arnoldus Montanus

This particular map is remarkable because of its elaborate cartouche adorning the bottom right of the plate. Montanus has carved seven figures into the copper plate from which his map was printed, along with numerous flora and fauna. The figures shown in the title cartouche are performing several different occupations undertaken by the settlers and the natives such as hunting and trading. The interior of the map is elaborately engraved with miniature trees, rivers and indigenous animals throughout the entire image.

At the time of this map’s creation the British and Dutch governments were struggling over the ownership of land in North America. Montanus clearly declares the terrain as “Novi Belgii,” or “New Netherland” in his depiction of the newly acquired land. This bold claim provides interesting insight into the political landscape of the time. Dutch mapmakers were known for their highly-skilled work and engraving capabilities. English mapmakers were unable to compete in this department leaving Dutch cartographers to dominate the map market, and thus attempt to mark their territory through text. This allowed the Dutch government to use maps such as Montanus’ Novi Belgii as powerful propaganda tool in asserting their ownership of “New Netherland.” Montanus’ map has left us a record of the expanding reach of European powers upon the New World.

Visit us at The Christina Gallery in Edgartown, MA to see our full collection of antique maps and nautical charts or view part of our collection online here.

An Interview with John C. Traynor

This past week John Traynor visited Martha’s Vineyard. I was able to steal him away from painting for a short while in order to talk to him about his artwork. Traynor has had a successful career as an artist, commemorated by over 200 awards. Read on to hear about John’s affinity for the Vineyard and his inherent ability to capture the splendor of nature.

By Erica Udow, Gallery Associate

You have been visiting Martha’s Vineyard in the summertime for many years. What is it that attracts you to the island?

I like the peacefulness of Martha’s Vineyard. Of course, the past couple of days have been nice with the sunny weather and the light breeze. Like many visitors to the island, I come near the water and immediately relax.

Do you have any favorite spots to go and paint?

I used to like painting Menemsha, but a little bit of the old world feeling is going away. I like the variety of the different towns. We usually go for breakfast out by Gay Head near the Indian Reservation. It’s nice having come here for a while, to have our favorite places that we go back to time and time again.

On the East Coast everyday is different. If you own a house here you can sit in the same spot at the same time each day and see a completely different landscape with a different sky reflecting into the water. That phenomenon is unique to this area. I spent some time traveling on the West Coast this year and was able to experience and paint some striking landscapes in Hawaii and Carmel, California. There are varied landscapes in those areas, but the sky doesn’t change in the same way as it does along the East Coast.

Last summer the theme of your exhibition at The Christina Gallery was “Favorite Places,” based on your travels around Europe. What themes are you developing for next summer’s exhibition?

This trip I’m getting things together. I’ll have some local Vineyard scenes for the exhibition next year. I’ve never been here in August before. We usually visit in July so I’m absorbing different scenery and changes in the landscape. I will be back here next summer when the roses are out; hopefully I’ll include those paintings in the show. I tend to let themes emerge naturally, so I’ll have a better idea of what the exhibition will look like by the spring [2013]. Until then, I will paint whatever inspires me. I have recently become more interested in figurative painting. This trip to the Vineyard I have spent time paying attention to the way people interact and taking photographs when people catch my eye. I’m always thinking about how to improve my paintings.

Is most of your current work done on location or in the studio?

I spend a lot of time painting outside on location. If you’re out for a couple of hours things happen. You meet people. Being outside you have the smells and the sounds…other senses to go by.

When I look at your artwork I’m immediately drawn to the way you are able to depict natural light. Your paintings seem to glow from within and the way sun breaks through the clouds in a natural, graceful way.

When I paint outside, that’s the first thing I think about – the light. The light changes in about an hour to an hour and a half so I try to work quickly within that time frame before the light changes drastically. When painting I learned to use light to help the viewers’ eye move around the painting. Painters that I like from the past do that really well. For me capturing the light is about capturing the feeling of the moment and the scene. I want to share that feeling with the viewer and help them experience my painting with all of their senses.

What artists inspire your approach to depicting light?

Old masters like Rembrandt and more modern artists like George Ennis, who was part of the nineteenth century Hudson River School. As I developed my own painting I became interested in the moment when Impressionism came to America. Frederick Mulhaupt of the Gloucester School was an interesting artist. He was able to capture the complete ambiance of a scene in each painting. I try to do the same in each of my works.

Do you ever paint alongside other artists or do you prefer to work alone?

A lot of the trips I go on, I really just want to paint. Once in awhile I go out with someone else and paint together, but for the most part I work alone.

What is the intention behind your paintings? Clearly, there is a focus on the portrayal of light, but are you also trying to impart a message upon your viewers?

I interpret what I look at; that’s what I want to pass on to the viewer – the beauty of nature and the implications of light. People have told me that they look at my artwork and are immediately able to relax. Today everything is mechanical. When someone has something that is made without technology it is really special. I want to leave my viewers with something honest. I want to share what I see; the spontaneity, the structure and the beauty of what is all around us.

You can find more information about Traynor’s Summer 2011 exhibition, “Favorite Places,” at The Christina Gallery here.

John Powell’s Visions of Paradise

John Powell is a bold artist. He doesn’t shy away from color or detail as is so clearly evidenced in any one of his oil paintings. Powell has an uncanny ability to meld reality with fantasy to create lush landscapes and ornate still-life’s. Perhaps his interpretation of the world comes from his Hollywood roots; John Powell grew up in Hollywood, California. As a young man Powell joined the Navy for a four year stint. Two of those years were spent based in Japan where he developed a deep-seeded interest in the Far East and Japanese culture. Throughout his life Powell has continued to travel and collect objects from around the world. These artifacts feature prominently in his paintings.

"Window Nook" by John Powell — “Window Nook” by John Powell

Powell’s steady hand and vivid imagination lead to incredibly detailed images, both in the foreground and background. Not a single blade of grass or curlicue design on a Japanese vase escapes Powell’s grasp. Incredibly, this inundation of information does not overwhelm the viewer, but rather heightens one’s senses. The viewer is drawn into the scene and soaks up every detail. Nothing escapes Powell’s observant eye. In “Window Nook” we see no fewer than six different vases, four tables, and three ornate textiles portrayed. Those objects only begin to make up the background of painting. The true subject of the painting is the vibrant flowers that seem to grow out of the canvas, blooming in every inch of the artwork.

Powell has often spoken of his intense interest in color that drove him to pursue painting. “I was on a bus going home to Hollywood. The evening was warm and the shadows were strong. Suddenly it hit me – there they were; all the colors my father and Will were talking about.” His father, a respected Californian artist, taught Powell to draw but wouldn’t allow him to paint until he had learned the basics and first became an accomplished draftsman.

At the age of 82, John Powell is still expanding his oeuvre and developing new techniques. Speaking about a recently completed large-scale work “’This was a first for me as far as painting a triptych this size. It presented new challenges as well as new goals and growth for me as an artist.” Not only did Powell tackle an enormous project (the completed work stands at 15’ high and 3’ wide), but the underwater subject was also a departure from the garden-scapes for which he is known. Many of John Powell’s new paintings are currently on display at The Christina Gallery. Come visit us in Edgartown to see these elaborate artworks yourself.

An Art Nouveau Calendar

Art Nouveau, although short-lived, defined the social landscape of turn of the century Europe. The movement sought to socialize all art forms, viewing crafts and decorative arts as equally valuable to what has historically been known as ‘high art,’ painting and sculpture. Artists working within the style created modern motifs blending organic curvilinear shapes with angular designs. Art Nouveau can be seen as a rejection of the ornate art celebrated in the Victorian-era and the patronizing academic attitude often credited for the decline in the prestige of decorative art.

In 1894 the French department store La Belle Jardinière commissioned Grasset to complete a series of twelve original artworks for a calendar the fashionable retailer would then publish. In twelve iterations corresponding to each calendar month, Grasset depicts beautiful young women in seasonal costumes and gardens that incorporate his signature Art Nouveau style into whimsical color wood engravings. In “Octobre” a woman is shown raking leaves in an autumn garden full of green, yellow and brown foliage. Despite partaking in yard work the woman is elegantly dressed, advertising La Belle Jardinière. She wears a long-sleeved yellow dress and a wide brimmed hat protecting her from the elements; her skirt is blowing in the breeze.

Eugène Grasset’s diverse body of work exemplifies the attempt to eliminate the hierarchy of the arts. Best known for his poster art, his career spanned a multitude of different media including drawing, sculpture, architecture, tapestry, ceramics and jewelry-making. Grasset approached each endeavor with the same enthusiasm and did not discriminate against lesser-appreciated craft-art. The 19^th century had been a time of great industrial achievement yet the quality and workmanship of decorative arts was not yet up to par. Grasset, and other Art Nouveau artists, returned the skill to craft-making.

All twelve images can be seen here and at The Christina Gallery. Read more of Eugène Grasset’s biography here.